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1) Can you tell me something about Extended Health's Oral Chelation / Longevity Plus?
Our formula comes in two bottles: Oral Chelation and Longevity Plus. The two bottles work synergistically and are not sold separately. In this brochure is a complete ingredient list and an ingredient rationale. This ingredient rationale is included to help you understand why all sixty-seven ingredients are in the formula. The formula targets heavy metal toxins and the circulatory system. We have had great results from our research department and from many of the medical doctors who use our products with their patients. The preliminary studies we have done verify (through urine, hair, and thermography analyses) the effectiveness of our product.
2) What dosage do you recommend?
Our doctors and our Director of Research recommend that you start with one of each (1 Oral Chelation at night before bed and 1 Longevity Plus in the morning) daily. After 5-7 days, progress to two of each daily; and after another 5-7 days, progress to 3 of each daily. Please make sure that you are drinking at least 8 glasses of water every day.
3) How important is it that I drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily?
It is very important that you drink eight 8-ounce glasses of filtered (purified) water daily while taking our Oral Chelation / Longevity Plus Formula . Keeping your body hydrated will help you eliminate these toxins more efficiently and will prevent toxic buildup, a condition that can contribute to the experience of negative side effects.
4) What should I do if I experience side effects?
Our doctors and our Director of Research recommend that when anyone experiences side effects (headaches, fatigue or muscle aches) they should stop the formula for a couple of days and drink lots of water, and then return back to the beginning dosage (one of each daily). The product is very effective, and it may be able to pull the toxins from the body faster than detoxification pathways are able to eliminate them. Starting slowly, with 1 Oral Chelation before bed and 1 Longevity Plus in the morning, and drinking plenty of water will help you avoid negative side effects.
5) How long should I take the formula?
You should commit yourself to at least 6 months. The results of our preliminary studies are based on people who took the formula for a 6 month period.
6) Does your formula have EDTA?
Yes, but we only use a small amount of EDTA in the formula. EDTA is a synthetic amino acid that has been used in IV chelation therapy for many years. While it is effective in an IV solution, only 4%-15% of an orally administered dose of EDTA is absorbed into the blood stream. Our formula uses 15 other natural chelators that target over 20 heavy metal toxins and numerous natural substances that have shown to aid normal and healthy circulation.
7) Can you tell me something about your Liver Support formula?
This is a sep a rate formula that (through evidence found in double-blind studies) regenerates and protects the liver from cirrhosis of the liver. Liver Support is recommended for individuals who have a history of alcoholism, drug abuse, liver and/or gall bladder problems, long term pharmaceutical use, or exposure to environmental toxins and cigarette smoke. This formula is available through Extended Health , but it is also included as one of the ingredients in Longevity Plus .
8) Why does you formula contain antioxidant agents?
Our formula contains 40 different antioxidants for a variety of reasons. Antioxidants not only support the liver and kidneys through the detoxification process, but also curtail free radical activity. Free radical damage underlies most degenerative diseases and heavy metal toxins have the ability to increase the production of free radicals within the body dramatically. In fact, most of the damage caused by heavy metals stems from the production of oxidative free radicals. With a heavy, toxic load, or antioxidant deficiencies, uncontrolled free radical production occurs. Antioxidants are essential to neutralize oxidative free radicals and minimize the deleterious health effects of these harmful agents.
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ORAL CHELATION
Chelation, which is pronounced “key-layshun”, comes from the Greek word “chele”, meaning to claw. Chelating agents are substances that can chemically bond with toxic minerals, metals, and chemicals within the body. The chelating agent encircles a mineral or metal ion and carries it from the body via the urine and feces. 1
WHAT IS ORAL CHELATION?
Oral chelation involves ingesting natural chelating agents. Various vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antioxidants, phytonutrients and herbs can be used to supplement the benefits of the numerous chelating agents. The addition of these substances helps to replenish nutrients that may have been lost during the chelation process. In so far as possible, all ingredients are derived from natural sources.
Oral EDTA chelation has all the benefits of intravenous (IV) chelation, but is much slower acting because only 4% to 18% of an oral dose is absorbed (compared with 100% of an IV dose). 2 Taken on a daily basis, oral chelation will gradually accomplish what its IV counterpart does in a shorter duration of time. Oral chelation is useful in reducing heavy metal toxicity, calcification, blood cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation (the free-radical oxidation of metabolized fats), as well as thinning the blood and preventing the formation of blood clots (a cause of heart attacks). 3
WHAT IS IV CHELATION?
EDTA is a synthetic amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. EDTA is approximately one-third as toxic to the body as aspirin. 4 EDTA chelation therapy, in an intravenous solution, was first introduced into medicine in the United States in 1948 as a treatment for lead poisoning. Shortly thereafter, the U.S. Navy advocated the use of chelation therapy for sailors who had absorbed lead while painting ships and military facilities using lead-based paint. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved IV EDTA chelation as a treatment for lead poisoning.
Physicians administering IV EDTA chelation for lead toxicity observed that patients who also had atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries primarily caused by fatty-plaque) or arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries caused by calcium) experienced reductions in both conditions after chelation. 5 Since 1952, IV EDTA chelation has been used by some medical practitioners to treat cardiovascular disease. 6 More recently, oral chelation has come into use as an alternative to the IV form of therapy.
Although much safer and less expensive than coronary bypass surgery or angioplasty, IV chelation is still relatively expensive. It is not widely available and there are comparatively few experienced medical doctors that are trained to administer it. Fortunately, there is a safer, less expensive, non-invasive, and more readily obtainable alternative Oral Chelation.
WHAT ARE HEAVY METALS?
Heavy metals are trace metals with a density at least five times that of water. They are stable elements that cannot be metabolized by the body and get passed up in the food chain to human beings (bio-accumulate). The most common, and harmful, heavy metals are Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, and Nickel. There are many more existing heavy metals that are not as prevalent or as harmful as the previously noted elements. Heavy metals, in general, have no basic function in the body and can be highly toxic.
Heavy metals are present in the air, drinking water, food and countless human-made chemicals and products. They are taken into the body by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. 6 If heavy metals enter and accumulate in body tissues faster than the body's detoxification pathways can dispose of them, a gradual buildup of these toxins will occur. 7 High-concentration exposure is not necessary in order to produce a state of toxicity in the body. Most cases of heavy metal poisoning result from chronic low level exposure to these hazardous environmental toxins.
In the last 50 years , human exposure to heavy metals has risen dramatically. This is the result of an exponential increase in the use of heavy metals in industrial processes and products. Today, chronic exposure comes from toxic waste dump and burn sites, agriculture chemical products, mercury amalgam dental fillings*, lead-based paint, tap water, and chemical residues in processed foods. Personal care products— such as cosmetics, mouthwash, toothpaste, soap, shampoo and other hair care goods are also sources of contamination. In today's industrial society, there is no escaping exposure to toxic metals and chemicals.
In addition to the hazards at home and outdoors, many occupations are subjected to daily heavy metal exposure. Over 50 professions are exposed to mercury on a daily basis. These include physicians, pharmaceutical workers, dentists, dental workers, laboratory workers, hairdressers, painters, printers, welders, metalworkers, cosmetic workers, battery makers, engravers, photographers, visual artists and potters. 8
Studies confirm that toxic heavy metals can directly influence behavior by impairing mental and neurological function. They can also influence the production and utilization of neurotransmitters, and can alter numerous metabolic body processes. Toxic metal elements can induce impairment and dysfunction in the blood, cardiovascular system, detoxification pathways (colon, liver, kidneys, skin), endocrine (hormonal) system, energy production pathways, enzymatic pathways, gastrointestinal tract, immune system, nervous system (both central and peripheral), reproductive system, and urinary system pathways. 9
Breathing heavy metal particles, even at levels well below those considered nontoxic, can have serious health effects. Virtually all aspects of animal and human immune system function are compromised by the inhalation of heavy metal particulates. 10 In addition, toxic metals can increase allergic reactions, cause genetic mutation, compete with “good” trace metals for biochemical bonding sites, and act as antibiotics, killing both harmful and beneficial bacteria. 11
Much of the damage produced by toxic metals stems from the production of oxidative free radicals. A free radical is an energetically unbalanced molecule that “steals” an electron from another molecule in order to restore its balance. Free radicals result naturally when cell molecules react with oxygen (oxidation). With a heavy toxic load, or antioxidant deficiencies, uncontrolled free-radical production occurs. Unchecked free radicals can cause tissue damage throughout the body. In fact, free-radical damage underlies all degenerative diseases.
Vitamins A, C, and E are some well-known antioxidants that curtail free-radical activity.
Toxic heavy metals can also increase the acidity of the blood. The body draws calcium from the bones in order to restore proper blood pH. Toxic metals can set up conditions that lead to inflammation in arteries and tissues, causing more calcium to be drawn to the area as a buffer. The calcium coats inflamed areas in the blood vessels like a bandage, patching up one problem, but creating another— the hardening and progressive blockage of the arteries. Without replenishment of calcium, the constant removal of this important mineral from the bones will result in osteoporosis (the loss of bone density), which leads to an increased risk for fractures of the spine and hips.
*There is considerable scientific debate over this issue in the United States and abroad.
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COMMON HEAVY METALS:
SOURCES AND SPECIFIC EFFECTS
Aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, and nickel are the most prevalent heavy metals. The specific sources of exposure to body tissues, where the metals tend to be deposited, and the adverse health effects of each metal are identified below.
1. Aluminum (CAS# 7429-90-5)
Sources of exposure: Air (high levels of aluminum dust in the workplace), acid rain (dissolves aluminum from soil and rock), plants grown in aluminum laden soil, aluminum cookware, aluminum foil, antacids, antiperspirants, appliances, baking powder (aluminum - containing), buffered aspirin, building materials, canned acidic foods, food additives, lipstick, prescription and over-the-counter drugs (anti-diarrhea agents, hemorrhoid medications, vaginal douches), processed cheese, “softened” and normal tap water. 12
Target tissues: Bones, brain, kidneys, skin, lungs and stomach. 13
Signs and Symptoms: Colic, dementia, esophagitis, gastroenteritis, kidney damage, liver dysfunction, loss of appetite, loss of balance, muscle pain, psychosis, shortness of breath, weakness, and fatigue 14 .
Dr. McLaughlin, M.D., F.R.C.P. (C), a professor of physiology and medicine and the director of the Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases at the University of Toronto, states, “Concentrations of aluminum that are toxic to many biochemical processes are found in at least ten human neurological conditions.” 15 Recent studies suggest that aluminum may be involved in the progression of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), senile and presenile dementia, clumsiness of movements, staggering when walking and an inability to pronounce words properly. 16,17 Behavioral difficulties among schoolchildren have also been correlated with elevated levels of aluminum and other neuro-toxic heavy metals. 18
Medical tests for aluminum screening: Blood, urine, feces, hair, and fingernails.
Everyone is exposed to low levels of aluminum from food, air, and water. High levels can a ffect the respiratory and nervous systems and the bones. 19 Aluminum toxicity may also cause birth defects in new-borns. Aluminum has been found in at least 489 of the 1,416 (34%) National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 20
2. Arsenic (CAS# 7440-38-2)
Sources of exposure: Air pollution, antibiotics given to commercial livestock, certain marine plants, ores (copper and lead), smelting/refining/processing plants, galvanizing, etching and plating processes, chemical processing, coal-fired power plants, defoliants, drinking water, drying agents for cotton, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, seafood (fish, mussels, oysters), specialty glass, hazardous waste sites, and wood preservatives. 21
Target tissues: Most organs of the body, especially the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and skin. 22,23
Signs and Symptoms: Abdominal pain, burning of the mouth and throat, garlic-like breath, malaise, fatigue, cancer (especially lung and skin), coma, diarrhea, nausea, neuritis, peripheral vascular problems, dermatitis, skin lesions, and vascular collapse. 24,25,26 Low levels of inorganic arsenic decrease the production of red and white blood cells, damage blood vessels, and can cause “pins and needles” sensation in the hands and feet. Long-term exposure can cause darkening of the skin and the appearance of small “corns” or “warts” on the palms, soles, and torso. 27
Medical test for arsenic screening: Urine (best), hair and fingernails.
Exposure to higher than average levels occurs primarily in the workplace, near hazardous waste sites, or in areas with naturally high levels. This chemical is present in at least 781 of the 1,300 (60%) NPL sites identified by the EPA. 28
3. Cadmium (CAS#7440-43-9)
Sources of exposure: Air pollution from the burning of fossil fuels (oil and coal) and the incineration of municipal waste materials, art supplies, bone meal, cigarette smoke, food (coffee, fruits, grains and vegetables) grown in cadmium-laden soil, meats, refined foods, seafood, fungicides, highway dusts, incinerators, mining, nickel-cadmium batteries, oxide dusts, paints, phosphate fertilizers, power plants, sewage sludge, “softened” water, smelting plants, tobacco, and welding fumes. 29 A prevalent source of cadmium exposure is from tobacco products. Most people who smoke have twice as much cadmium in their bodies than non-smokers. Thirty to fifty percent of what is inhaled is taken up into the blood stream and retained in the body. Once cadmium enters the body, it is very strongly retained; therefore, even low doses may build up significant cadmium levels in the body if exposure persists for a long period of time. 30
Target tissues: Stomach, kidneys, lungs, immune system, liver, testes, nervous system, and the blood. 31
Signs and Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal irritation, pulmonary edema, lung cancer (increased risk), kidney damage, and kidney stones. 32,33
Medical tests for cadmium screening: Blood (recent exposure), urine (reflects total presence in body) and hair (less reliable).
4. Copper (CAS# 7440-50-8)
Sources of exposure: Copper is common in our air, drinking water, food, and soil. It is found in plants grown in cadmium-laden soil, animals that graze on such plants, plumbing supplies (pipes, faucets, etc.), gardening products used to control plant diseases and fungus (fungicides), and welding and electroplating natural materials. 34
Target tissues: Eyes, nose, mouth, lungs, intestinal tract, kidneys, and liver.
Signs and symptoms: Nose, mouth and eye irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, dizziness, headache, vertigo, drowsiness, tachycardia, convulsions, and liver and kidney damage. 35,36 Copper toxicity has been characterized in patients with Wilson's Disease, a genetic disorder that causes the accumulation of copper in body tissue. Manifestations of Wilson's Disease include hemolytic anemia, cirrhosis of the liver, neurologic abnormalities, and corneal opacities. 37
Medical tests for copper screening: Blood, urine, and hair.
5. Lead (CAS# 7439-92-1)
Sources of exposure: Air pollution, soil, dust, lakes, rivers, ground water (acidic or softened), and drinking water. Mining and manufacturing processes, burning fossil fuels, ammunitions, batteries, metal products like solder and pipes, roofing, old paint, ceramics, and caulking are additional sources of exposure. 38 Lead is in the air and attaches to dust. Lead-containing dust is removed from the air by rain. It is prevalent in and around municipal waste incinerators and landfills. Cigarette smoke is also a source of lead; people who smoke tobacco, or breath e in tobacco smoke, may be exposed to higher levels of lead than people who are not exposed to cigarette smoke. 39
Target tissues : Lead affects almost every organ system in the body. It is absorbed into the body and distributed to the blood, soft tissue, and bone. The central nervous system is the most vulnerable to lead toxicity, particularly in developing children. 40 Lead also damages the kidneys, liver, gastro-intestinal tract, reproductive system and the immune system. 41
Signs and Symptoms : Prenatal exposure may cause premature birth and underdeveloped babies. Young children exposed to lead exhibit mental retardation, learning difficulties, and reduced physical growth. 42,43 In adults, lead may decrease reaction time, cause weakness in the fingers, wrists, and/or ankles, cause hypertension, and possibly affect memory. It can also cause anemia and abortion and it can damage the male reproductive system. 44,45
Medical test for lead screening: Blood, urine, and hair.
6. Mercury (CAS#7439-97-6)
Sources of exposure: Mercury occurs primarily in two forms: organic mercury and inorganic mercury. The inorganic form occurs when mercury is combined with chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen. The organic form occurs when mercury is combined with carbon. The most common form of organic mercury is methyl mercury, which is produced primarily by small organisms in water and soil. 46 Metallic (inorganic) mercury is used in thermometers, dental fillings, batteries, skin-tightening creams, antiseptic creams and ointments. Other sources include fish, shellfish, and vapors from spills, incinerators, and the burning of mercury containing fuels. 47
Target tissues: Nervous system, brain, kidneys, fetus, lungs, and skin. 48
Signs and symptoms: Irritability, tremors, changes in vision and/or hearing, and memory problems. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased blood pressure and/or heart rate, skin rashes, gastrointestinal irritation, eye irritation, renal disorders, and neurobehavioral changes. 49 The EPA has determined that mercuric chloride and methyl mercury are possible human carcinogens. Mercury can pass from mother to fetus and can produce brain damage, mental retardation, incoordination, blindness, seizures, and an inability to speak. Children poisoned by mercury may develop problems with their nervous and digestive systems and kidney damage. 50,51
7. Nickel (CAS #7440-02-0)
Sources of exposure: Nickel is very abundant and is found in soils, volcanic ash, metal coins and jewelry. Tobacco smoke, certain foods, and drinking water can also contain various nickel concentrations. 52
Target tissues: Skin, respiratory tract, lungs, nasal sinuses, blood, stomach and kidneys. 53
Signs and Symptoms: Itchy skin and rashes are the most common symptoms of exposure. It may contribute to asthma, chronic bronchitis, and reduced lung function. Nickel has also been implicated in contributing to spontaneous and threatening abortions. 54 Drinking water with unusually high amounts of nickel may cause stomachaches and damage the kidneys. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has determined that nickel and nickel containing compounds may be carcinogens. Cancers of the lungs and nasal sinuses have been reported from exposure to dust containing high levels of nickel compounds in nickel refineries and processing plants. 55,56
Medical tests for nickel screening: Blood, urine, hair, and feces.
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ORAL CHELATION AND SYSTEMIC FUNCTION
Diseases Related to the Circulatory System
The ten top killers of Americans, in the order of frequency, are heart disease, cancer, stroke (the sudden rupture or clotting/blockage of a blood vessel to the brain), accidents, pneumonia, diabetes, cirrhosis of the liver, arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries composed mainly of calcium), suicides, and infant death. 57,58 All but accidents, pneumonia, suicides, and infant death have an underlying connection to reduced blood circulation. More than 90 percent of Americans live in jeopardy of having a serious illness relat ed to the circulatory system. 59 The human and financial cost of cardiovascular disease in the U.S. is astronomical. Every year, approximately 1.5 million Americans have a heart attack, 300,000 of whom die before receiving medical attention. The treatment of cardiovascular disease rings up a total of $100 billion annually— or $200,000 spent every minute. 60 Coronary artery bypass surgery (bypassing the blocked heart artery with grafted leg artery, with an average cost of $44,000) is the most frequently prescribed surgical procedure for heart disease, and costs Americans $10 billion per year. 61 Numerous leading medical doctors and authorities have stated that coronary bypass surgery is prescribed too frequently and is often unnecessary. 62 Nearly 20,000 people die every year as a result of bypass surgery or angioplasty (ballooning of the occluded artery, with an average cost of $21,000). 63
Oral Chelation and Cardiovascular Disease
Chelation assists in the reduction of calcium plaque on arterial walls. This atherosclerotic plaque is not limited to blood vessels nearest to the heart. On the contrary, it is widespread and can affect blood flow (oxygen delivery) to every cell, tissue, gland, organ, and system being served by the over 75,000 miles of blood vessels in your body. Chelation reaches every blood vessel in the body, from the largest artery to the smallest capillary. Most of these vessels are far too small or too deep within the body's tissues to be safely reached through surgery.
Oral Chelation and Calcium
A common misconception about chelation is that it lowers the levels of calcium in the bones and teeth as the body draws calcium from them to replace the calcium drawn from the blood by the chelation process. On the contrary, the calcium to restore blood levels is drawn from places in the body where calcium has built up unnaturally, as in arterial plaque (which contributes to clogged arteries), calcified bursae (a source of bursitis), arthritic joints, and kidney stones. 64
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The Benefits of Oral Chelation
The heightened benefits of our Oral Chelation Formula appear to result from the synergistic effect of combining EDTA with numerous natural chelating agents, such as activated clays, certain bioflavonoids, chlorella, cilantro, coenzyme Q10, garlic, L-cysteine, L-glutathione, L-methionine, lipoic acid, selenium, sodium alginate and zinc with numerous antioxidants, mineral replenishers, vitamins, and phyto-nutrients/whole food extracts.
The addition of nutrients known to support liver function and detoxification also increases the effectiveness of our Oral Chelation Formula. Antioxidants and essential nutrients enhance the chelation process by replacing the small losses of beneficial minerals that are removed during chelation. They promote the healing of tissues and prevent free-radical oxidative damage. As with the chelating agents, the antioxidants in this formula help neutralize free radicals that are formed by a variety of oxidizing agents. For this reason, the Longevity Plus formula contains over 30 different antioxidants. Oral chelation can serve as a convenient, non-invasive, long-term health maintenance and prevention program. The gradual dosage delivery system significantly reduces the risk of side effects. And, our Oral Chelation Formula is safe for both children and adults.
In terms of ingredients, the formulas have two overall advantages:
1. They contain plant-based enzymes. Enzymes are the catalysts for all metabolic actions, and assist in the optimal assimilation and utilization of the food people consume. Enzymes also assist in the assimilation and utilization of other nutrients, thereby ensuring you get the most out of each ingredient. Without enzymes, proper utilization of nutrients is not achieved. With enzyme supplementation, you can assimilate and utilize up to ten times more food and nutrients than without enzyme supplementation. This gives the most nutrition for the money.
2. Aside from EDTA, the majority of the nutrients in the formulas are whole food (plant) based, meaning that you get the full range of nutrients and co-factors found in that plant or food, rather than only isolated fractions as you find in synthetic vitamin supplements. The healing actions in this formula appear more powerful than in synthetic blends. In addition, since the formulas are plant - based, concentrated food nutrients, there is rarely a need to be concerned about drug interactions or side effects. Rare cases of allergic reactions are the exception.
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Importance of Diet and Nutrition
Nutritional deficiencies can contribute to cardiovascular disease. 65 Certain vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients have been identified as vital for the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Degrees of deficiency of one or a combination of the following nutrients will result in corresponding symptoms of physical disease or inadequacy in the cardiovascular system:
-Vitamins: C, E, A, D, B (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 12), folic acid, and biotin.
-Minerals: Calcium, chromium, copper, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, selenium, and zinc.
-Amino acids: L-carnitine, L-lysine, L- praline
-Coenzyme Q10 : Nutritional deficiencies can contribute to the accumulation of heavy metals in the body. When sufficient levels of certain vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients are maintained, the continued absorption of specific heavy metals is greatly reduced.
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ORAL CHELATION FORMULA (PM BOTTLE)
EDTA (Calcium Disodium EDTA) - See “What is EDTA” on top question 6
Activated Attapulgite (Clay) - Activated attapulgite binds with unwanted toxic metals and removes them from the body through the gastro-intestinal tract. Clays also bind radioactive residues and remove them from the body. 67
Alpha-Lipoic Acid- A powerful antioxidant used in patients that suffer from cancer, AIDS, and liver conditions. 68
Carrageenan (Irish moss)- Carrageenan is a lipotrophic (has an affinity for lipids—fats) that assists in fat metabolism. Carrageenan has been shown to lower blood cholesterol. 69
Chlorella (Chlorella pyreneidosa)- Chlorella is a seaweed, or a type of alga that grows in water. Chlorella is known to promote the elimination of heavy metals from the body. 70 The alga cell wall absorbs rather large amounts of toxic metals. Either the specific combination of amino acids, the chlorella derived growth factor, or some other unknown mechanism leads to the mobilization of mercury from within the cell. It appears to mobilize mercury deposits within the brain. 71 Chlorella is a nutritious source of chlorophyll that has also been found to cleanse the bloodstream and be a protective agent against the effects of ultraviolet radiation. 72
Garlic- This root herb lowers LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol blood levels, and is used to prevent arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and cardiovascular disease. 73 Garlic chelates cadmium, lead and mercury within the body. 74 Garlic is also effective for lowering blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels, and increasing HDL levels. 75
L-Cysteine- This amino acid acts as a reducing agent that prevents the oxidation of sensitive tissues that leads to aging and cancer. It also helps protect against the effects of alcohol consumption, protects cell membranes against lipid peroxidation, and detoxifies pesticides, plastics, hydrocarbons, and other chemicals. 76 This sulfurous amino acid is critical for the detoxification of heavy metals and xenobiotics (estrogen-like, nonpolar, fat-soluble chemical substances that may interfere with normal estrogen functions and play a role in creating cancer). 77
L-Cysteine helps protect the liver and brain from damage due to alcohol, drugs, and toxic compounds in cigarette smoke. 78 L-Cysteine chelates mercury and arsenic, and its antioxidant effects are appropriate for countering all metals. It is a potent sulfhydryl antioxidant, heavy metal scavenger, and liver protector. It is used to improve cholesterol ratios and to help lessen the risk of coronary artery disease. 79
L-Lysine (HCL)- Another amino acid that detoxifies heavy metals. 80 L-lysine is a lipotrophic, meaning that it has a high affinity for fats— lipids— and assists in fat metabolism. It is involved in the structural repair of damaged collagen in arteriosclerotic blood vessels. 81 L-Lysine is used as an aid to improve athletic performance and is required for collagen synthesis. 82
L-Methionine - L-Methionine is an essential amino acid that helps remove heavy metals from the body and protects against the toxic effects of radiation. 83 This sulfur-containing amino acid is critical for the detoxification of heavy metals and xenobiotics (estrogen-like, nonpolar, fat-soluble chemical substances that may interfere with normal estrogen functions and play a role in creating cancer). 84 It assists in the breakdown of fat, and helps prevent fatty build-up in the liver and arteries that might obstruct blood flow to the brain, heart, and kidneys. It is a powerful antioxidant that is also beneficial to people with chemical allergies. 85 L-Methionine chelates lead, 86 and is effective in preventing liver damage and supporting liver functioning. 87
Sodium Alginate - Alginates bind with unwanted toxic metals and remove them from the body through the gastro-intestinal tract. Sodium alginate is used to lower serum cholesterol levels and blood pressure and to reduce the absorption of strontium, barium, tin, cadmium, and mercury. 88
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)- Vitamin C, one of the most important antioxidants, can easily enter the blood brain barrier and reach the brain cells where it is needed most. This means that you can increase the level of vitamin C in your brain by taking vitamin supplements. Vitamin C supplementation promotes regression of atherosclerotic plaque. 90 It is also a very effective detoxifier of heavy metals and chemical poisons. Vitamin C has detoxifying actions on lead, mercury, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, various carcinogens, bacterial toxins and poisons; and it protects us from benzene exposure. 91,92
Studies by Carl Pfeiffer and Arthur Sohler in lead-laden battery workers showed that supplemental vitamin C can displace significant amounts of lead and lower the body burden. This also suggests that lead accumulation occurs when Vitamin C intake is inadequate. Vitamin C helps in heavy metal excretion, can inhibit platelet aggregation, increase clot-dissolving activity, and increase HDL cholesterol values. 93 Vitamin C is capable of reducing the toxic hexavalent chromium to the trivalent form that is known to cause no major adverse effects. It also prevents the absorption of cadmium. 94
Enzymes
Bromelain- Bromelain is a natural occurring enzyme found in the pineapple plant. It is shown to be beneficial as a digestive aid, and as an adjunct to cancer therapy. It is used to treat respiratory tract inflammation, and edema (fluid retention or swelling) caused by surgery, trauma, allergies, arthritis, and infections. 95 It is also used to inhibit platelet aggregation and enhance the excretion of fat. 96 Bromelain aids in overall digestion and absorption of nutrients, particularly protein. It speeds recovery from injuries, fights cardiovascular problems, bolsters the immune system, helps fight cancer and activates the tumor necrosis factor. 97
Lipase - Lipase is a plant enzyme that assists in the breakdown and digestion of fat. It is a lipotrophic, meaning it has an affinity for lipids—fats. Lipase aids in fat digestion and breakdown by hydrolyzing fat, yielding fatty acids and glycerol. 98,99
Catalase- Catalase is one of three main enzymes the brain uses to guard against free radicals. These three enzymes are called catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. 100 Catalase is one of the most potent antioxidant enzymes and reportedly lowers serum cholesterol. 101
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LONGEVITY PLUS FORMULA (AM BOTTLE)
Beet Juice Powder- Beets are used as a supportive therapy in the treatment of liver diseases and fatty liver. 102
Bioflavonoids- Bioflavonoids are antioxidants that can chelate metals, protect Vitamin C, decrease capillary fragility, and help prevent blood clots. 103
Calcium (citrate)- This mineral decreases total and LDL cholesterol and plasma triglyceride levels, and increases the excretion of lipids and saturated fatty acids. 104 Calcium has been shown to displace toxic metals from the body. 105 As a dietary supplement, calcium lowers blood pressure. 106 Calcium is important in the maintenance of a regular heartbeat and the transmission of nerve impulses. It lowers cholesterol levels and helps prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer. It also protects the bones and teeth from lead by inhibiting lead absorption. 107
Choline- Choline is a member of the B vitamin family that is used for treating liver disease, chronic hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), cirrhosis (fibrotic, inflammatory disease of the liver), high cholesterol, memory loss, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia. 108 Choline is needed for the proper transmission of nerve impulses from the brain throughout the central nervous system, as well as for gallbladder regulation, and proper liver function. It aids in hormone production, fat and cholesterol metabolism, and minimizes excess fatty deposits in the liver. It is also beneficial for disorders of the nervous system like Parkinson's disease and tardive dyskinesia. A deficiency in choline may result in fatty deposits within the liver, cardiac symptoms, high blood pressure, liver impairment, and the inability to digest fats. 109
Chondroitin Sulfate- Chondroitin Sulfate is a nutrient that is a constituent of the arterial wall and has anti-coagulant (prevents blood stickiness), anti-lipemic (reduces fat in blood stream), and anti-thrombogenic (prevents clots) properties. It is used to reduce risk of ischemic (lack of blood supply to an organ or part due to a spasm or shutting down of the artery which supplies it) heart disease and hyperlipidemia (excess fat in the blood). 1
Chromium- Chromium is an essential trace mineral that has been found to help reduce fat and cholesterol levels, and improve strength and endurance. It has been shown to lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and raise HDL levels. Chromium also boosts glucose tolerance, an important aspect of artery protection. 110 A chromium deficiency may contribute to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries primarily by fatty-plaque). 111 Chromium is used for reducing blood-lipid levels in individuals with hypercholesterolemia (excess cholesterol in the blood), and reducing serum cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. 112
Cilantro Extract (Chinese parsley, or Coriandrum sativum )- Dr. Y. Omura has found that Chinese parsley can mobilize mercury and other toxic metals rapidly from the central nervous system. The mobilized mercury appears to be either excreted via the stool, the urine, or translocated into more peripheral tissues. This is a revolutionary discovery and makes Cilantro the first known substance that mobilizes mercury from the central nervous system. When autonomic response testing is used, rapid changes in the brain and the spinal cord can be detected after Cilantro consumption, and mercury also appears in tissues where it was not previously found—the liver and intestines (as a result of mobilization in the nervous system). 113
Coenzyme Q10 - Coenzyme Q-10 is a well-known cardiac nutrient. It has been shown to decrease total serum cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol. 114,115 COQ10 is used to treat congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy, improve the symptoms associated with angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery of the heart), lower blood pressure, and reduce the symptoms associated with chronic fatigue. 116 It is an important lipid-soluble antioxidant that reduces angina and its frequency and reduces the risk of coronary thrombosis by inhibiting platelets and reducing blood viscosity. Clinical studies have shown improvements in heart function, decreases in the incidents of angina episodes, and decreases in mortality rate with COQ10 supplementation. 117
Copper - A copper deficiency causes higher serum cholesterol levels along with the development of lesions similar to those seen in coronary artery disease. 65
Ginkgo Biloba Extract- This powerful herbal antioxidant is particularly helpful for the brain. It has been shown to help improve the blood flow to the brain, particularly in older people whose blood vessels have been narrowed and hardened by atherosclerosis. It also helps improve the utilization of oxygen and glucose in the brain. Ginkgo reduces platelet stickiness, which reduces the chance of a stroke from a blood clot. 118 Ginkgo is used for treating and preventing cardiovascular diseases and arteriosclerosis. 119 It is also used to prevent peripheral vascular disease, heart disease, hypercholesterolemia (excessive cholesterol in the blood), cerebral vascular insufficiency, and impaired cognitive function. 120
Grape Seed OPC's- Pycnogenol/OPC's are important to brain function, not only because they protect blood vessels, but also because they can cross the blood-brain barrier to protect brain cells. 121 Grape Seed OPC's are antioxidants that improve circulation and strengthen the capillaries and the heart. It is used for treating circulatory disorders including varicose veins, hypoxia (inadequate oxygen in the lungs and in the blood), atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries primarily by fatty-plaque), inflammation, and myocardial or cerebral infarction (an area of tissue deprived of its blood supply because of a clot within the artery). 122
Green Tea- Green Tea is used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases and arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries composed mainly of calcium). 123 Green tea is used to improve cognitive performance, protect against heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage, decrease total cholesterol, and reduce the risk of oral, small intestinal, esophageal, and pancreatic cancer. 124,125,126 Green tea also combats mental fatigue, and may lower the risk of esophageal, stomach, colon, and skin cancer. 127,128
Hawthorne Berry Extract ( Crataegus oxyacantha berries)- Hawthorne Berry is a very effective oral chelating agent that helps heart function. It acts on the heart muscle as well as on plaque deposits in the arteries. It lowers and regulates pulse, strengthens a steady pulse, and reduces chest pain. It also slowly reduces cholesterol
cardiovascular diseases and arteriosclerosis. 130 Hawthorne is used for cardiovascular conditions such as heart failure, decreased cardiac output, coronary heart disease, circulatory disturbances, tachycardia (rapid heart beat), arrhythmias (irregularities of heart beat), hypotension (low blood pressure), hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperlipidemia (excess fat in the blood), arteriosclerosis, and angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery). 131,132
Hesperidin- This bioflavonoid is used extensively in the treatment of athletic injuries because of its ability to relieve pain, bumps, and bruises. Hesperidin acts synergistically with vitamin C to protect and preserve the structure of capillaries. It promotes circulation, lowers cholesterol levels, and prevents cataracts. 133
Iodine (as kelp)- Iodine is used to reduce cholesterol and blood pressure and to fight cancer. 134 It also protects against the effects of radiation. 135
Inositol- This member of the B vitamin family is used for high cholesterol, Alzheimer's disease, ADD (attention deficit disorder), and autism. 136 It has a calming effect and helps to reduce cholesterol levels. It helps prevent hardening of the arteries, and is important in the formation of lecithin and the metabolism of fat and cholesterol. It also helps remove fatty deposits from the liver. A deficiency of Inositol can lead to arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries composed mainly of calcium) and high blood cholesterol. 137
L-Carnitine- This amino acid prevents the buildup of plaque on arterial walls and helps metabolic liver diseases. 138 L-Carnitine can lower both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and can also decrease the incidence of angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery of the heart). It also has the ability to decrease blood pressure while directly increasing the metabolic efficiency of the liver and the heart. Thus, it is very useful for treating congestive heart failure. 139
L-Carnitine is recommended to maximize fat burning, boost strength and endurance, reduce the risk of heart disorders, promote better heart function, encourage weight loss by preventing fatty buildup, bolster the body's capacity to create energy by encouraging the metaboli sm of stored fat, inhibit alcohol-induced fatty liver, and lower cholesterol levels. 140 L-Carnitine is used to enhance athletic performance, to help treat chronic fatigue, Alzheimer's dementia, angina (pain in the chest), coronary vascular disease, myocardial infarction (an area of tissue deprived of its blood supply because of a clot within the artery), congestive heart failure, high cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia (excessive triglycerides in the blood), obstructive arteriopathies and peripheral vascular disease. 141
L-Glutathione- L-Glutathione is a tripeptide that is produced in the liver from the amino acids cysteine, glutamate, and glycine. It is found abundantly in the body, and is a powerful antioxidant and detoxifier. Because glutathione is a very effective scavenger of heavy metals and other toxins, maintaining a high glutathione level may help protect against Alzheimer's disease.
Free radicals can damage the delicate membranes of brain cells, which may also play a role in creating plaque. Glutathione plays an essential role in removing free radicals, metabolic wastes, and toxins from your system. Taking glutathione supplements may help relieve the symptoms and speed the recovery of a patient with hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) by protecting the liver from free radical and toxic waste damage. Silymarin—or Milk Thistle—, Vitamin C, Lipoic Acid, and Selenium supplements provide additional liver protection. 142 Glutathione has been shown to detoxify fungicides, herbicides, organophosphates, pesticides, nitrates, nitrosoamines, plastics (such as vinyl chloride), arene oxides, steroids, phenolic compounds, auto exhaust and cigarette smoke. It will also detoxify epoxides produced by Phase I liver metabolism, toxins from Clostridium difficile , and many over-the-counter drugs. Glutathione is also helpful in treating heavy metal poisoning. It chelates lead and cadmium from the bloodstream, and it protects against mercury toxicity. 143 It has the ability to cross the blood brain barrier and remove mercury, cadmium and other toxic metals from the brain. 144
L-Proline- This amino acid aids in the production of collagen and helps reduce the natural loss of collagen. L-Proline helps heal cartilage, and strengthens joints, tendons, and heart muscles. It works with vitamin C to promote healthy connective tissue. 145
Taurine- Taurine is an amino acid that can be useful for people with atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries
in sparing the loss of potassium from the heart muscle. This helps to prevent the development of potentially dangerous cardiac arrhythmias (irregularities of heartbeat). 146
Liver Support (artichoke powder)- Liver Support is used for reducing cholesterol and lipid levels and stimulating liver function. 147 It has shown in double-blind studies to be able to reverse cirrhosis (fibrotic, inflammatory disease of the liver) through its ability to improve liver functioning (studies available upon request). 148
Lutein- This carotenoid powder is used by individuals who suffer from macular (eye) degeneration and cataracts. 149
Lycopene- Lycopene acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and quenching single oxygen molecules. 150,151 Thus, it is used for cancer risk reduction. 152
Magnesium- Supplementation with this mineral prevents calcification of the blood vessels and the development of atherosclerosis. 153 Magnesium displaces toxic metals from the body, and a magnesium deficiency is linked with cardiovascular disease. It is capable of preventing arrhythmias (irregularities of heartbeat), cutting platelet aggregation, and averting spasms of the coronary arteries. It improves the metabolic efficiency of the myocardium and reduces angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery of the heart) when other measures fail. 154,155,156 Magnesium is also used to assist in the following conditions: atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular disease, cardio myopathy (disease of the cardiac muscle), congestive heart failure, hypertension (high blood pressure), intermittent claudication (cramp-like pains in the legs due to insufficient arterial blood supply to the muscles), low HDL-cholesterol levels, mitral valve prolapse, and stroke (the sudden rupture or clotting/blockage of a blood vessel to the brain). 157,158
Manganese - Manganese is a mineral that is an important chelating agent. It is a major factor in blocking calcium from entering the cells of the arterial lining. 159 It aids in detoxification by helping produce superoxide dismutase, it is required for the synthesis of glutathione, and it works in conjunction with molybdenum. 160
Methyl Sulfonyl Methane (MSM)- MSM is an immunostimulant. It is used for scar tissue to accelerate wound healing, for poor circulation, hypertension, elevated serum cholesterol, radiation poisoning, inflammation, allergies, hepatic (liver) dysfunction, and Alzheimer's disease. 161
Milk Thistle Extract (80%)- From the Blessed Thistle herb, this extract is used for treating toxic liver damage, and supporting the treatment of chronic inflammatory liver disease, hepatic cirrhosis (fibrotic, inflammatory disease of the liver), alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver disease, and chronic hepatitis (inflammation of the liver). 162 It p revents free radical damage by acting as an antioxidant, thereby protecting the liver. It also stimulates the production and regeneration of liver cells and prevents the formation of damaging leukotrienes. 163 Milk Thistle extract is good for weakened immune systems and all liver disorders, such as jaundice and hepatitis. 164 It may protect the cells of the liver by blocking the entrance of harmful toxins and helping remove these toxins from the liver cells. As with other bioflavonoids, Silymarin is a powerful antioxidant.
Molybdenum- This mineral is a component of enzymes that detoxifies sulfites, aldehydes, and aldehyde oxidase. 165
PABA- A building block of folic acid, PABA is an antioxidant that helps protect against skin cancer and assists in the formation of red blood cells. 166
Potassium- Potassium is a mineral that is important for a healthy nervous system and a regular heart beat. It helps prevent stroke (the sudden rupture or clotting/blockage of a blood vessel to the brain), aids in proper muscle contraction, works with sodium to control the body's water balance, and aids in maintaining stable blood pressure. Signs of potassium deficiency include cognitive impairment, fluctuations in heart beat, high cholesterol levels, muscular fatigue, and weakness. 167 It inhibits free radical formation, thrombus formation and smooth es muscle proliferation. 168
Quercetin- Quercetin is a bioflavonoid with antioxidant effects used for the prevention of atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia (excess cholesterol in the blood), and coronary heart disease. It can inhibit carcinogenesis and reduce capillary fragility. 169,170 Quercetin is used extensively in the treatment of athletic injuries because it relieves pain and bruising and acts synergistically with Vitamin C to protect and preserve the structure of capillaries. It also promotes circulation, lowers cholesterol levels and treats and prevents cataracts. 171 Quercetin fights cancer, diabetes, capillary fragility, and arthritis; stabilizes membranes; protects against heart disease and allergies; normalizes blood pressure; helps lowers cholesterol; and slows aging. 172
Rutin- An antioxidant bioflavonoid, free radical scavenger, and an iron-chelator. It is used as a vascular protector for reducing capillary fragility, permeability, and bleeding; as a treatment for varicose vein symptoms; and as preventive for stroke (the sudden rupture or clotting/blockage of a blood vessel to the brain). Some studies show that Rutin offers protection from damage induced by asbestos, the cytotoxic effects of oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL), and gastric injury from ethanol. It also offers some protection against DNA damage caused by hepatocarcinogens. 173,174 Rutin is used extensively in the treatment of athletic injuries because it relieves pain and bruises and acts synergistically with Vitamin C to protect and preserve the structure of capillaries. It also promotes circulation, lowers cholesterol levels, and treats and prevents cataracts. 175
Selenium- Epidemiological and clinical studies have provided evidence of an inverse relationship between selenium status and ischemic (lack of blood supply to an organ or part due to a spasm or shutting down of the artery which supplies it) heart disease. 176 Selenium deficiencies can cause hypertension (high blood pressure). It also acts as an antioxidant, protects against the toxic effects of mercury, and neutralizes the effects of cadmium. 177 This mineral is a key element in preventing coronary heart disease and is a part of the body's antioxidant arsenal. 178 Selenium chelates silver, mercury, lead, and cadmium. 179 Selenium helps prevent heart disease, abnormal pap smears, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries primarily by fatty-plaque), muscular degeneration, and gray hair. Selenium is also used for reducing total cancer mortality and the incidence of lung, colon-rectal, and prostate cancer. 180,181,182
Vanadium - Vanadium is used to lower serum cholesterol, heart disease, and edema. It helps improve athletic performance in weight training, and protects against cancer. 183,184,185
Vitamin A (as Beta-Carotene)- This powerful antioxidant protects against LDL oxidation, heart disease, cancer, and prevents damage to cellular components (especially DNA and cell membranes). 186 Beta-carotene's antioxidant function has protective value for cardiovascular disease. 187 Beta-carotene can reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, boost the immune system, enhance the senses, and prolong life. These are attributed to the fact that beta-carotene is a powerful antioxidant. 188 It is involved in preventing lipid peroxidation and in activating metabolically generated free-radicals (oxidizing agents) in circulating lipoproteins, cancer cells and other cells. 189,190
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)- Thiamine acts with vitamin C, various antioxidants, and cysteine to counteract the effects of acetaldehyde and free radicals. It aids in the absorption and utilization of magnesium, 191 and chelates lead. 192 Thiamine is used for enhancing learning abilities, increasing energy, and slowing the development of heart disease, alcoholism, stress, aging, memory loss (including Alzheimer's disease), vision problems (like cataracts and glaucoma), and immunodepression. 193
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)- Riboflavin is used for treating muscle cramps, increasing energy levels, boosting immune system function and athletic performance, and slowing aging, memory loss (including Alzheimer's disease), alcoholism, and liver disease. 194,195
Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide)- Required for lipid metabolism, tissue respiration and glycogenolysis. It is incorporated into the coenzymes NAD and NADP. 196
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)- Niacin is well established as being effective in the treatment of hyperlipidemia (excess fat in the blood). It has been shown to reduce non-fatal myocardial infarction (an area of tissue deprived of its blood supply because of a clot within the artery), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and increases and heart attack deaths. It slows the progression and contributes to the regression of plaque in the coronary arteries. 198 Niacin is used to treat peripheral vascular disease, vascular spasm, migrain ous, headache as protection from toxins and pollutants, aging, memory loss (including Alzheimer's disease), lowering blood pressure, and in improving circulation. 199,200,201
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)- Pantothenic acid helps protect against radiation injury and counteracts the side effects and toxicity of antibiotics. 202 Calcium Pantothenate is used for the treatment of alcoholism, cardiac failure, Parkinson's disease, peripheral neuritis, respiratory disorders, and diabetic neuropathy. It enhances immune function, protects against mental and physical stress, and reduces chronic fatigue symptoms. 203
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCL)- Vitamin B6 reduces the risk of myocardial infarction (an area of tissue deprived of its blood supply because of a clot within the artery), is a preventive nutrient of coronary heart disease, inhibits platelet aggregation, prolongs clotting time, reduces total and LDL cholesterol levels, and helps lower homocysteine (homocysteine is a toxic amino acid which is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis). Lowering elevated plasma homocysteine levels will retard the progression of atherosclerosis. 204, 205 Inadequate intake of vitamin B-6 can lead to injury in arterial walls, which sets the stage for plaque development. Vitamin B-6 deficiency can also weaken the heart muscle and raise serum cholesterol levels. 206 Pyridoxine is used for boosting immunity, protecting against cancer, and preventing kidney stones, hyperlipidemia (excess fat in the blood), heart disease, and alcohol intoxication. 207
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)- This vitamin is helpful in reducing homocysteine levels. Lowering elevated plasma homocysteine levels will retard the progression of atherosclerosis. 208 Vitamin B12 aids in the detoxification of xenobiotics (estrogen-like, nonpolar, fat-soluble chemical substances that may interfere with normal estrogen functions and play a role in creating cancer). 209 Vitamin B12 is used for preventing aging, heart disease, immunosuppression, memory loss, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. It has been shown to protect against the toxins and allergens from tobacco smoke, and to elevate mood, boost energy, and improve concentration. Its deficiency is associated with elevated homocysteine levels and development of atherosclerosis. Elevated homocysteine concentrations are linked with an increase risk for vascular disease. 210
Vitamin B (Folic Acid, Folate)- Besides its ability to lower homocysteine levels, Folate supplementation has been found to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery of the heart), and to increase capillary blood flow in patients with diffuse, chronic arteriosclerosis. 211 Folic acid is used in treating liver disease, alcoholism, and in renal dialysis, and has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer and hyperhomocysteinemia (cardiovascular disease). It is also an effective treatment for individuals with memory deficits and peripheral neuropathy. 212,213,214
Vitamin B (Biotin)- Biotin aids in cell growth and the utilization of the other B-complex vitamins, and promotes healthy nerve tissue and bone marrow. It is also an effective pain reliever. 215
Vitamin D- A deficiency of this vitamin can promote coronary heart disease and coronary calcification. 216 Vitamin D protects against muscle weakness and enhances immune responses. It is involved in the regulation of the heartbeat, the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, and the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. 217
Vitamin E- Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant that prevents lipid peroxidative tissue damage, decreases angina (pain in the chest caused by a spasm of the coronary artery of the heart), slows the progression of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries primarily by fatty-plaque), and reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and platelet adhesiveness/ aggregation. Studies have shown that Vitamin E is consistently, and strongly, associated with a lower incidence of heart disease than any other vitamin. 218 Vitamin E can easily enter the blood brain barrier and reach the brain cells where it is most needed. Vitamin E can also chelate the heavy metal mercury. 219 This potent antioxidant fights free radical pathology and is the king of cardiovascular nutrients. Vitamin E heightens antioxidant defenses, preventing the oxidation and buildup of LDL cholesterol in the arterial wall. It can decrease platelet adherence to damaged artery walls, much like Vitamin C, and increase HDL cholesterol levels. 220
Zinc- Due to its antioxidant activity, zinc protects the structural integrity of myocardial cells from damage. 221 Zinc is found in 90 essential enzymes and is a component of superoxide dismutase. It reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and assists in the detoxification of aldehydes. 222 Studies by Carl Pfeiffer and Arthur Sohler in lead-laden battery workers show that supplemental zinc can displace significant amounts of lead and lower the body burden. This suggests that lead accumulation occurs when zinc intake is inadequate. Zinc displaces toxic metals from the body, 223 and also chelates both cadmium and lead. 224
Enzymes
Bromelain - Bromelain is a natural occurring enzyme found in the pineapple plant. It has been shown to be beneficial as a digestive aid, as well as an adjunct to cancer therapy. It is used to treat inflammation and edema (fluid retention or swelling) caused by surgery, allergies, arthritis, infections, vein inflammation (thrombophlebitis), and varicose veins. 95 It is also used to inhibit platelet aggregation and enhance the excretion of fat. 96 Bromelain aids in overall digestion and absorption of nutrients, particularly protein. It speeds recovery from injuries, fights cardiovascular problems, bolsters the immune system, helps fight cancer, and activates the tumor necrosis factor. 97
Lipase - Lipase is a plant enzyme that assists in the breakdown and digestion of fat. This lipotrophic has an affinity for lipids—fats—and assists in lipid metabolism. It aids in fat digestion and breakdown by hydrolyzing fat to yield fatty acids and glycerol. 98,99
Catalase - Catalase is one of three main enzymes the brain uses to guard against free radicals. These three enzymes are called catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. 100 Catalase is one of the most potent antioxidant enzymes, and reportedly lowers serum cholesterol. 101
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Brain and Central Nervous System
34. Neurofibrillary tangles
Aluminum
35. Neuritis, retrobulbar neuritis; neuropathy
Aluminum, Arsenic, Thallium
36. Encephalopathy
Aluminum, Arsenic, Lead, Thallium
37. Alterations in nerve conduction velocity
Lead
38. Alterations in the spinal chord
Thallium
39. Accumulations in CNS structures
Aluminum, Mercury
40. Abnormal EEGs
Arsenic, Lead
41. Autonomic disturbances
Copper, Lead, Mercury, Thallium
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Peripheral Nervous System
42. Peripheral neuropathy
Arsenic, Mercury
43. Alterations in peripheral nerves
Arsenic
44. Loss of feeling/ numbness in the extremities paresthesia
Arsenic, Mercury, Thallium
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gastrointestinal Tract
45. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; loss of appetite
Arsenic, Copper, Mercury, Thallium
46. Abdominal pain, stomach cramps; burning of the throat and mouth
Arsenic, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Thallium
47. Esophagitis; gastroenteritis; colitis
Arsenic, Mercury, Thallium
48. Cancers (colon, pancreatic, stomach, or rectal)
Arsenic
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Renal and Hepatic Impairment
49. Hepatotoxicity; Liver; dysfunction damage
Arsenic, Copper, Thallium
50. Cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis
Copper
51. Kidney disease; kidney failure
Arsenic, Lead, Mercury
52. Renal toxicity; tubular proteinosis
Arsenic, Copper, Lead
53. Kidney Damage, histological alterations
Arsenic, Lead
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cardiovascular System
54. Blood vessel damage
Arsenic
55. Anemia decreased red blood cell count
Arsenic, Copper, Lead
56. Hypertension increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Arsenic, Copper, Lead, Thallium
57. Elevated blood pressure
Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium
58. Increased risk of coronary artery disease
Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium
59. Increased risk of early death from heart attack and stroke
Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium
60. Peripheral vascular disease, cardiovascular disease, vascular collapse
Arsenic, Lead
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Respiratory System
61. Pulmonary Fibrosis
Aluminum, Arsenic
62. Pneumonia, laryngitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis
Aluminum, Arsenic, Mercury
63. Restrictive airway disorders, asthmatic conditions, pneumoconiosis
Arsenic, Aluminum
64. Respiratory tract cancers
Arsenic
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Immune System
65. Immune suppression
Lead
66. Decreased white blood cell count
Arsenic, Thallium
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reproductive System
67. Genital abnormalities
Aluminum, Thallium
68. Disturbances in menstrual cycle menstrual pains
Copper, Mercury
69. Birth defects, premature, births spontaneous abortion
Arsenic, Lead, Mercury
70. Reproductive dysfunction
Arsenic, Aluminum, Cadmium, Lead
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Other Physical Disturbances
71. Rashes, contact dermatitis, eczema, itchy/irritating skin
Aluminum, Arsenic, Copper, Mercury
72. Muscle pain; headache; acrodynia; colic
Arsenic, Copper, Lead, Thallium
73. Alopecia (hair loss)
Thallium
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